晚期糖基化终末产物对骨组织细胞代谢的影响

Effect of advanced glycation end products on metabolism of bone tissue cells

背景:随着骨组织工程学的研究和发展,发现晚期糖基化终末产物可以在骨组织中积累,影响骨骼的结构及生物力学性能。目前许多研究发现晚期糖基化终末产物/晚期糖基化终末产物受体通过特殊的作用机制后能够引起以成骨细胞、破骨细胞及骨细胞为主的骨组织细胞发生病理改变,导致骨重建失衡,骨骼强度下降,骨折发生率增加。目的:综述晚期糖基化终末产物对骨骼生物力学的影响以及晚期糖基化终末产物/晚期糖基化终末产物受体对骨组织细胞的作用机制。方法:由第一作者检索2005年1月至2019年7月在Pub Med、Web of Science和Medline数据库发表的有关晚期糖基化终末产物/晚期糖基化终末产物受体对骨组织细胞代谢的影响的文章,检索结果限于英文文献。结果与结论:最终选取具有代表性的54篇文献进行归纳总结。晚期糖基化终末产物对骨胶原交联的影响,使得骨强度显著下降;晚期糖基化终末产物/晚期糖基化终末产物受体通过使骨组织细胞发生病理机制改变影响骨代谢,使得骨组织细胞发生本质改变。最终导致骨代谢平衡紊乱,骨骼脆性增加。骨质疏松症的发生与骨代谢相关的细胞活力改变有着直接关系,但具体相关作用机制需进一步研究,而这种特殊机制的改变在今后有可能为骨质疏松症提供独特的病理机制、诊断思维和相关治疗及预防策略。

BACKGROUND: With the research and development of bone tissue engineering, it has been found that advanced glycation end products can accumulate in bone tissue and affect the structure and biomechanical properties of bone. At present, many researchers have discovered that advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products can induce pathological changes of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes through special mechanisms, thereby leading to imbalance of bone reconstruction, decrease of bone strength and increase of fracture incidence. OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of advanced glycation end products on bone biomechanics and the mechanism of advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products on bone tissue cells. METHODS: The first author searched the relevant articles regarding the effect of advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products on metabolism of bone tissue cells published in PubMed, Web of Science and Medline database from January 2005 to July 2019. The results were limited to English literatures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Finally, 54 representative literatures were selected for summary. The effects of advanced glycation end products on collagen cross-linking can significantly reduce bone strength. Advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products affects bone metabolism through pathological mechanism changes of bone tissue cells, which results in essential changes of bone tissue cells. Finally, it will lead to imbalance of bone metabolism and increase of bone fragility. The osteoporosis is directly related to the activity change of bone tissue cells, but the specific mechanism needs further study. The change of this special mechanism may provide a unique pathological mechanism, diagnosis methods, treatment and prevention strategies for osteoporosis in the future.