微血管病变在小鼠口腔黏膜下纤维化和口腔癌病变过程中比较研究

A comparative study on microvascular changes in the process of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer in mice

目的:观察小鼠口腔黏膜下纤维化(OSF)及口腔癌病变过程中微血管变化,从血管新生的角度探讨OSF发生癌变的可能机制。方法:将90只Balb/c小鼠随机平均分成OSF诱导组、口腔癌诱导组和对照组。OSF诱导组采用槟榔碱1000 mg/L饮水喂养20周。喂养8周后,每隔4周随机取各组4只小鼠处死,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察小鼠舌黏膜病理变化,免疫组织化学法观察微血管密度(MVD)的变化,20周处死全部小鼠。结果:随给药时间延长,OSF诱导组小鼠舌黏膜病变区域MVD出现先增加后减少的趋势,口腔癌诱导组小鼠癌变区域MVD则表现出逐渐增加的趋势,至20周与各组相比,OSF诱导组MVD较口腔癌诱导组和对照组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:小鼠OSF的微血管变化主要以萎缩、减少为主,这与口腔癌微血管变化不同,提示人OSF后期血管增加考虑为OSF恶变,通过检测OSF的微血管变化,也许可以作为检测OSF癌变趋势的重要指标。

Objective:To observe the changes of microvessels during oral submucous fibrosis(OSF)and oral cancer in mice,and to investigate the possible mechanism of OSF carcinogenesis from the perspective of angiogenesis.Methods:Ninety Balb/c mice were randomly divided into OSF-induced group,oral cancer-induced group,and control group.Mice in OSF-induced group were fed with arecoline water(1000 mg/L)for 20 weeks.After 8 weeks of feeding,4 mice in each group were randomly selected and killed every 4 weeks.HE staining was employed to observe the pathological changes of tongue mucosa of mice,and immunohistochemical method was used to observe the changes of microvascular density(MVD).All mice were sacrificed at 20 weeks.Results:With the extension of the administration time,MVD in the lesions of tongue mucosa in OSF-induced group increased first and then decreased,while it showed a gradually increasing trend in oral cancer-induced group.At 20 weeks,MVD in OSF-induced group was significantly reduced compared with oral cancer-induced group and the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Microvessel changes of mice with OSF are mainly characterized with atrophy and decrease,which is different from those in mice with oral cancer,suggesting that increase of blood vessels in the later stage of OSF should be considered as malignant changes of OSF.The detection of OSF microvessel changes may be an important indicator for detecting the cancerous tendency of OSF.