4K评分对前列腺癌临床价值的研究进展

Research progress of the clinical value of 4K score in prostate cancer

前列腺癌的早期诊断主要还是依赖前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)筛查,PSA的应用虽然一定程度上降低了前列腺癌相关死亡率,但由于其特异性低,造成大量的过度诊断、过度治疗。近年研究发现,应用基于4种激肽释放酶的新指标4K评分能显著提高前列腺癌检测的准确性,减少过度诊疗,而且在指导前列腺癌主动监测,评估长期死亡风险及减少医疗系统经济负担等方面有重要参考价值,本文对4K评分的研究进展作一综述。

The early diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly depends on PSA screening.Although the application of PSA has reduced the prostate cancer-related mortality to a certain extent,it also caused a large number of over-diagnosis and over-treatment due to its low specificity.In recent years,some studies have found that the application of 4 K score which based on four new indicators of kallikrein can significantly improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection,reduce over-diagnosis and over-treatment.This 4 K score has important reference value in guiding the active monitoring of prostate cancer,assessing the risk of long-term mortality and reducing the financial burden on the medical system.This article reviews the research progress of 4 K scores.