不同调理剂对干热风胁迫下小麦光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Different Regulator Treatments on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Wheat under Dry Hot Wind Stress

为探讨小麦抗干热风胁迫的防控技术。以淮麦33为材料,研究了不同调理剂处理在干热风胁迫对小麦光合特性和产量的影响。结果表明,干热风能显著降低小麦叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度以及叶绿素含量,增加胞间二氧化碳浓度。3种调理剂处理较干热风胁迫显著提高了叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和叶绿素含量,有效减小了干热风对叶片光合组织的损害。此外,3种调理剂处理还显著增加了叶片中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性,降低了丙二醛含量,减轻了干热风对叶片的氧化损伤。同时,3种调理剂均提高了小麦穗粒数和千粒重,最终促进了小麦产量的提升。由此可知,黄腐酸钾、氯化胆碱和劲丰处理均能显著缓解干热风对小麦植株生长和产量造成的危害,提高植株抵御干热风的能力,对小麦的稳产增产有积极作用。

In order to explore the prevention and control technology of wheat resistance to dry hot wind stress,Huaimai 33 was used as material to study the effects of different regulator treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of wheat under dry hot wind stress.The results showed that dry hot wind could significantly reduce the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),tran?spiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs)and chlorophyll content(SPAD)of wheat leaves,and increase the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci).Compared with the dry hot wind stress,the three regulator treatments significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content of leaves,and effectively reduced the damage of dry hot wind to the photosynthetic tissues of leaves.In addition,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and per?oxidase(POD)in leaves were significantly increased,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was decreased,and the oxidative damage of leaves caused by dry hot wind was reduced.At the same time,the three regulator treatments all increased the number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight,and finally promoted the yield.Therefore,the potassium fulvic acid,choline chloride and Jinfeng treatments can significantly alleviate the damage of dry hot wind to the growth and yield of wheat plants,and improve the ability to resist dry hot wind,which produced a positive effect on the stable yield and production promotion in wheat.