纯净水对健康影响的定性循证研究

A Qualitative Evidence-based Study on Health Effects of Purified Water

目的:检索国内外相关文献,综合分析饮用纯净水对于人体健康的影响,为科学饮水提出建议。方法:在PubMed、Embase、Medline、Cochrane、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网和万方数据知识服务平台等7个数据库检索自1998年1月—2020年1月国内外公开发表的相关研究文献,纳入以人为研究对象的研究,排除重复、不完整、无法获得全文的文献等。语种限定为中文和英文。结果:从5277篇文献中筛选出14篇纳入本研究的分析,其中2篇系统综述、3项实验性研究、1项横断面研究证明饮用纯净水与心血管疾病风险呈正相关;1项系统综述、1项横断面研究、1项实验性研究证明饮用纯净水与骨健康呈负相关;1项横断面研究、3项纵向研究、1项实验性研究证明饮用纯净水与尿路结石呈负相关。结论:选择纯净水或矿物质水应当根据自身情况。对于膳食中缺乏矿物质的人群,日常饮水时不推荐饮用纯净水。而针对泌尿系结石的患者,纯净水可能有一定保护作用。

【Objective】To comprehensively evaluate and analyze the impact of purified water on health by searching relevant literature at home and abroad,and to put forward suggestions for scientific drinking water.【Method】Searching relevant literature published on PubMed,Embase,Medline,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine disc,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data from January 1998 to January 2020.Bringing into human-based studies,excluding repetitive and incomplete papers and article which was unable to fully obtain.The languages were limited to Chinese and English.【Result】Totally 14 articles of 5277 articles were included as the main evidence of this study.Two systematic reviews,three experimental studies and one cross-sectional study showed that purified water was positively correlated with cardiovascular disease risk.One systematic review,one cross-sectional study and one experimental study showed that purified water was negatively correlated with bone health.One cross-sectional study,three longitudinal studies and one experimental study showed that purified water was negatively correlated with urinary stone.【Conclusion】The choice of purified water should be based on personal health condition.For people who lack minerals in their diet,it is not recommended to drink purified water.For calculi patients,purified water may have protective effect.