应用发光细菌和斑马鱼对印染废水的毒性评估分析

Toxicity Evaluation of Dyeing Bacteria and Zebrafish on Printing and Dyeing Wastewater

厌氧消化处理、膜生物反应器(MBR)等技术已广泛应用于印染行业废水处理。为评估印染废水的环境风险,分别用发光细菌、斑马鱼幼鱼和胚胎来检测及评估消化处理后、膜生物反应器处理后的印染废水的急性毒性及发育毒性。结果表明,消化后的废水对于发光细菌和斑马鱼的毒性较小,其对发光细菌的有效毒性(EC50)和幼鱼的致死浓度(LC50)分别仅为原水浓度的6.87%和1.83%,且胚胎发育抑制率仅为1.32%。而采用膜生物反应器处理后的废水对幼鱼的LC50为消化单元出水池的74.54%,仍保持高毒性,但其对胚胎发育和发光细菌的影响比较小。总体而言,斑马鱼幼鱼比发光细菌对印染废水的毒性响应更敏感。毒性试验结果显示,膜生物反应器处理对印染废水毒性去除率高于90%,因此,建议将深度处理技术应用于印染废水处理及尾水回用过程。

Dyeing wastewater has become a serious pollution problem and anaerobic digestion technology and membrane bioreactor technology(MBR)have been widely used in environmental protection.In order to evaluate the environmental risk of dyeing wastewater discharge,the acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of the dyeing wastewater after digestion treatment and MBR treatment were measured with luminous bacteria,larvae and zebrafish embryos,and then the ability of the treatment process was evaluated.The results reveal that the digested wastewater showed strong toxicity to zebrafish and luminescent bacteria,while the effective toxicity(EC50)and larvae lethal concentration(LC50)of luminous bacteria were only 6.87%and 1.83%of wastewater,respectively,and the embryos development was suppressed by only 1.32%.Although the wastewater has been treated with membrane bioreactor(MBR),it still has high toxicity,the LC50 of the larvae is 74.54%of wastewater,but the development of embryos and luminescent bacteria has little effect.The results also reveal that zebrafish larvae are more sensitive to luminous bacteria than printing and dyeing wastewater.Finally,it mas found that the toxicity of the treated wastewater treated with the membrane bioreactor was higher than 90%based on the toxicity test.In short,the depth of treatment should be applied to the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater or tail water recycling.