某院儿科医务人员压力与压力源调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the pressure and stressors of pediatric medical staff of a children′s hospital

目的了解儿科医务工作者的工作行为、工作态度、工作压力状况等,分析其影响因素,为减缓医务人员压力、改善医院管理制度,提供有效措施和建议。方法于2017年3—10月采用案例研究、问卷调查的方法,综合分析儿科医务人员工作压力及压力来源。一共纳入有效样本375例,通过相关分析和独立样本t检验进行组间比较。结果从心理契约、组织公平度、组织透明度、年龄、从业年限比较分析导致儿科医务工作者工作压力的主要压力来源,发现其中以组织公平、组织透明度、从业年限对压力的影响较大。员工感知到的压力与组织公平呈负相关(r=-0.13,P<0.05),与组织透明度呈负相关(r=-0.11,P<0.05),与从业年限呈正相关(r=0.11,P<0.05)。高压力人员所知觉的组织公平程度(M=4.71)低于低压力群体(M=5.07),高压力人员所知觉的透明度感知(M=4.47)低于低压力群体(M=4.71),高压力人员从业年限(M=11.35)高于低压力群体(M=9.18)。结论儿科医务人员工作压力感受较大,建议从医院管理理念和管理制度层面予以改进,采取积极的方式进行压力应对,提升员工满意度和归属感。

Objective To provide effective measures and suggestions for alleviating the pressure on pediatric medical workers and improve hospital management system,by means of investigating the working behavior,attitude and stress status of pediatric medical staff,and analyzing the influencing factors.Methods From March to October 2017,case studies and questionnaires were used to comprehensively analyze the sources of work stress and stress of pediatric medical staff.A total of 375 valid samples were included.Inter-group comparison was conducted through correlation analysis and independent sample t test.Results From such aspects as the psychological contract,organizational fairness,organizational transparency,age,and seniority,the main sources of pressure for pediatric medical workers were analyzed,and it was found that organizational fairness,organizational transparency,and seniority had a greater impact on the pressure.Perceived stress was negatively correlated with organizational equity(r=-0.13,P<0.05),negatively correlated with organizational transparency(r=-0.11,P<0.05),and positively correlated with years of employment(r=0.11,P<0.05).The perceived degree of organizational fairness of the high pressure personnel(M=4.71)was lower than that of the low pressure personnel(M=5.07),the perceived transparency of the high pressure personnel(M=4.47)was lower than that of the low pressure personnel(M=4.71),and the working years of the high pressure personnel(M=11.35)were higher than that of the low pressure personnel(M=9.18).Conclusions Pediatric medical staff were under great pressure at work.It was suggested to improve the management concept and system of the hospital,and work positively to cope with the pressure so as to enhance staff satisfaction and sense of belongings.