“苏格兰学分与资格框架”治理:一个由非政府机构治理的成功案例

Governance of the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework:A Successful Case of Governance by Nongovernmental Organizations

"苏格兰学分与资格框架"被誉为国际上最成熟、最古老的资格框架之一,经合组织将其列为世界上唯一功能全面的框架。与欧洲许多资格框架相比,"苏格兰学分与资格框架"最与众不同的地方在于其持续运作于立法与法规的框架之外,它是由一个非政府机构且从性质上属于"担保有限公司兼慈善机构"--"苏格兰学分与资格框架合作伙伴"来进行治理的,其治理结构、治理工具与治理过程皆具有独特性。作为一个由非政府机构治理的成功案例,其可以为我国正处于探索阶段的资历框架建立与治理提供重要的借鉴。

The Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework is regarded as one of the most mature and oldest qualifications frameworks in the world,which is listed as the only comprehensive framework in the world by OECD.Compared with many European qualification frameworks,the most distinctive feature of the Scottish credit and qualifications framework is that it continues to operate outside of the legislation and regulations.It is governed by a non-governmental organization and belongs to"guarantee limited company and charity"in nature-"Scottish credit and qualification framework partnership".Its governance structure and governance tools and governance process are unique.Asa successful case of governance by non-governmental organizations,it can provide an important reference for the establishment and governance of China’s qualifications framework at the exploratory stage.