心理测量在高风险考试分析中的应用

Application of Psychometrics in the Analysis of High-Risk Tests

以中专、高考为代表的高风险考试命题不单要考虑到课程标准要求,更要保证命题及测评的质量。使用Rasch模型对某市中考化学模拟考试数据的分析得到以下结果:一是试卷注重考察学生基本知识、基本能力的运用,命题与实际应用结合紧密,体现了新课改的理念,发挥了考题的导向作用;二是题目难度与考生能力基本匹配,但高难度题目较少;三是试卷对中等及以上水平学生测量精度最高;四是客观题难度及考察内容设计合理;五是主观题评分细则或阅卷环节存在尺度不一、标准不明问题,对考试公平性有一定影响。

The compilation of high-risk tests,such as high school or college entrance examinations,should not only meet the requirements of the curriculum,but also ensure the quality of assessment.This paper makes an analysis of a chemistry model test for high school entrance examination withRasch model,and finds out that:1,this test paper aims atbasic knowledge and students’ability to apply it,indicating thatthis test paper,with a guiding role for learning,is closely related with the course,and reflects the concept of the new teaching reform;2,with relatively few difficult questions,the difficulty rate of this test paper can generally match the ability of the candidates;3,the test paper has a highest measurement accuracy for students of medium and above level;4,the difficulty and content of objective test questions are appropriate;5,the scoring rules and test paper reviewing process of subjective test questions are not consistent,which leads to discrepancy in scoring.