基于适应性领导理论的自我管理干预对妊娠糖尿病患者的影响

Effects of a self-management intervention program based on the adaptive leadership theory on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨基于适应性领导理论的自我管理干预方案在门诊妊娠糖尿病患者中的应用效果.方法将89例门诊妊娠期糖尿病患者按入院顺序分为观察组44例和对照组45例.对照组给予常规门诊随访管理,观察组在此基础上实施基于适应性领导理论的自我管理干预方案,结合线上、线下干预引导患者及家属应对疾病管理中的技术性挑战和适应性挑战.结果干预后,观察组妊娠糖尿病自我管理能力总分及各维度得分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01),妊娠相关焦虑总分及各维度得分显著低于对照组(均P<0.01);观察组血糖及体质量增长达标情况显著优于对照组(均P<0.05),但两组母婴妊娠结局差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论应用基于适应性领导理论的干预方案有利于提高门诊妊娠糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,改善患者妊娠相关焦虑,促进患者血糖控制及体质量管理.

Objective To explore the application effect of a self-management intervention program based on the adaptive leadership theory in patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM)in clinic.Methods Totally 89 patients with GDM in clinic were divided into an experimental group(n=44)and a control group(n=45)chronologically.The control group received routine outpatient follow-up management,while the experimental group additionally received a self-management intervention program based on the adaptive leadership theory,which included online and offline intervention to guide patients and their family coping with technical challenges and adaptive challenges in disease management.Results After the intervention,the total score and each dimension score of self-management ability questionnaire in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01 for all),while the total score and each subscale score of pregnancy-related anxiety were lower than those in the control group(P<0.01 for all).The standard reaching of blood glucose and body weight growth in the experimental group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05 for both),while there was no significant difference in pregnancy outcome between the two groups(P>0.05 for all).Conclusion Application of the intervention program based on the adaptive leadership theory is conducive to increasing the self-management ability of GDM patients in clinic,reducing their pregnancy-related anxiety,and improving their blood glucose control and body weight management.