乳酸菌缓解酒精性肝病的研究进展

Recent Advances in Applying Lactic Acid Bacteria for Alleviating Alcoholic Liver Disease

尽管过去在大量的动物研究和临床研究中使用各种药物来预防或治疗酒精性肝病,但到目前为止,在酒精性肝病的各个阶段,药物治疗均存在一定程度的副作用。随着人们越来越多地认识到肠道菌群在各种疾病的发生和发展中的重要作用,乳酸菌在酒精性肝病中的潜在作用正在受到越来越多的关注和研究。国内外近些年来的研究发现,乳酸菌能够从多个方面缓解酒精性肝病。本文主要综述了酒精在体内吸收、代谢及酒精性肝病的发病机理,以及乳酸菌通过调整肠道菌群、改善肠屏障功能、减弱肝脏氧化应激、调节肝脏炎症水平和抑制肝脏脂肪堆积缓解酒精性肝病的作用机制,从而为乳酸菌预防和治疗酒精性肝病提供理论参考。

Although various drugs have already been used in a large number of animal and clinical studies to prevent or treat alcoholic liver disease, so far the drug treatments still may cause some side effects at various stages of alcoholic liver disease. As it is increasingly recognized that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development and progression of various diseases, the potential role of lactic acid bacteria in treating alcoholic liver disease is receiving growing interest from researchers. Recent worldwide studies have found that lactic acid bacteria can alleviate alcoholic liver disease in many aspects. This article reviews the absorption and metabolism of alcohol in the body and the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease, as well as the mechanism by which lactic acid bacteria can alleviate alcoholic liver disease, namely by regulating the intestinal microbiota, improving intestinal barrier function, reducing liver oxidative stress, regulating liver inflammation and inhibiting liver fat accumulation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease by lactic acid bacteria.