部队官兵军事训练诱发早期肾损伤风险调查研究

Investigation of the Risk of Military Training-induced Early Kidney Injury in Officers and Soldiers

目的通过对某战区官兵生活健康状况开展调查及常规军事训练前后相关生化指标进行检测,评估部队官兵早期肾损伤风险发生情况。方法通过问卷调查法对官兵生活健康状况进行调查,利用血液生化分析法、尿常规干化学法对血液和尿液标本进行分析检测。结果官兵日常训练量较大,体能消耗多;日常饮水偏少,且部分官兵有抽烟、饮酒习惯。在陆军人群中,血常规和肾功能异常最多,相较于空军官兵增高较明显(P<0.05)。陆军和空军官兵训练后尿常规、尿沉渣异常率和尿蛋白电泳阳性率均高于训练前,且陆军官兵军事训练后尿隐血和尿蛋白异常增长率及尿蛋白电泳阳性率高于空军官兵人群(P<0.05)。陆军官兵训练后ALB、α1和γ区带蛋白所占比例低于空军,α2区带蛋白所占比例高于空军(P<0.05)。训练后陆军和空军官兵尿蛋白电泳阳性混合型和肾小球型蛋白尿比例均高于训练前,且陆军官兵训练后尿蛋白电泳阳性肾小球型多于空军(P<0.05)。结论部队官兵是运动性肾损伤高危人群,部队开展军事训练,应因人科学施训,并在官兵人群中定期开展健康宣教和防护培训,进行针对性筛查检测,早发现早预防,尽可能减少和预防运动性肾损伤的发生。

Objective To assess the risk of early renal injury in officers and soldiers in a war zone by investigating the health status and testing the relevant biochemical indicators before and after routine military training.Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate health status of officers and soldiers,and blood and urine samples were analyzed and tested by blood biochemical analysis and urinedry chemistry analysis.Results Offices and soldiers had high intensity daily training and high energy expenditure.They drunk less water every day,and some had the habit of smoking and drinking.In the army,the blood routine and renal function were the most common abnormalities,which were significantly higher than those of the air force(P<0.05).After training,the urine routine,abnormal rate of urine sediment and positive rate in urine protein electrophoresis test of army and air force officers and soldiers were higher than those before training.The abnormal growth rate of urine occult blood and urinary protein,as well as positive rate in urine protein electrophoresis test,of army officers and soldiers after military training were higher than those of air force officers and soldiers(P<0.05).After training,the percentage of ALB,band α1 and γ protein of army officers and soldiers was lower than that of air force,while the percentage of band α2 protein was higher than that of air force(P<0.05).After training,the proportion of mixed and glomerular proteinuria in urine protein electrophoresis test in army and air force officers and soldiers was higher than that before training,and the proportion of glomerular proteinuria in army officers and soldiers was higher than that in air force(P<0.05).Conclusion The army officers and soldiers are at high risk for military training-induced kidney injury.Therefore,the army should carry out military training scientifically,and provide regular health education and protection training,targeted screening testing,and early detection and early prevention among offices and soldiers,thereby reducing and preventing the occurrence of military training-induced kidney injury.