新中国成立以来高等理科教育改革的探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Higher Science Education Reform since 1949

高等理科教育是国家经济发展和科技进步的关键基础,具有重要的战略地位。文章分阶段梳理了新中国成立以来高等理科教育的规模变化和改革发展历史,并在此基础上提出高等理科教育应处理好人才培养与社会需求的关系、基础理科与应用理科的关系、理科与其他学科的关系、全体理科学生与拔尖理科学生的关系,努力建成具有中国特色的、社会适应性强的高等理科教育体系。

Higher science education is an important symbol of the development level of science and education.It is also an important factor in economic development and scientific and technological progress,and it has an important strategic position.This paper sorts out the history of the reform and development of higher science education since the founding of the People’s Republic of China.It is proposed that higher science education should deal with the relationship between the scale of talent cultivation and social needs,the relationship between foundation and application,the relationship between science and other disciplines,the relationship between all students and top students,improving the quality of higher science talent training.