外泌体在黑色素瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in melanoma

黑色素瘤是一种具有高侵袭性及死亡率的恶性肿瘤性疾病,早期诊断并通过手术切除后预后较好,发生转移后由于缺乏有效的治疗手段,生存率急剧降低。外泌体是由多种类型细胞分泌的一种细胞外囊泡,通过其载体作用将内容物从分泌细胞转移到受体细胞以实现细胞间的交流通信。最近的一系列研究表明外泌体参与黑色素瘤的进展、转移、细胞免疫等过程,且在黑色素瘤诊断、治疗、预后评价等方面发挥着重要作用,本文针对外泌体在该方面的研究进展情况进行综述。

Melanoma is a malignant disease with high invasive and mortality.Early diagnosis and surgical resection have a good prognosis.When metastasis occurs,the survival rate decreases dramatically due to lack of effective treatment.The exosome is an extracellular vesicle secreted by many types of cells.It transfers the contents from the secretory cells to the receptor cells through the role of its carriers to achieve intercellular communication.Recent studies have shown that exosomes are involved in the progression,metastasis and cellular immunity of melanoma,and play an important role in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of melanoma.