黄淮南部麦区小麦赤霉病抗性鉴定及基因型分析

Identification of the Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat in the South of Huang-Huai Wheat Zone and Genotype Analysis of Resistant Cultivars

为丰富抗赤霉病育种亲本材料,连续2年采用土表接种法对762个黄淮南部麦区小麦品种(系)的赤霉病抗性进行鉴定,发现15个小麦品种(系)表现为中抗赤霉病,133个小麦品种(系)表现为中感赤霉病。采用单小花滴注接种法对15个经土表接种鉴定为中抗小麦品种(系)以及2个多抗性基因聚合的种质材料和4个小麦-长穗偃麦草易位系的赤霉病抗性进行鉴定,发现10个小麦品种(系)表现为中抗赤霉病,10个小麦品种(系)表现为中感赤霉病。采用与抗赤霉病基因Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5和Fhb7相关的分子标记对15个经土表接种法鉴定为中抗赤霉病的小麦品种(系)、部分(120个)中感赤霉病小麦品种(系)、2个多抗性基因聚合种质材料和4个小麦-长穗偃麦草易位系进行检测,发现135个经土表接种鉴定为中抗或中感赤霉病的小麦品种(系)中,有11个小麦品种(系)含有Fhb1基因,但未检测到含有Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5和Fhb7基因的品种(系);2个多抗性基因聚合的种质材料分别含有Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4基因和Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb5基因;4个小麦-长穗偃麦草易位系均含有Fhb7基因,且其中2个易位系还含有Fhb1基因。

In order to obtain new resistant cultivars and enrich the materials for resistance breeding,the resistance to Fusarium head blight(FHB)of 762 wheat cultivars in the south of Huang-huai wheat zone was identified by artificial soil surface inoculation method for two consecutive years,15 moderately resistant cultivars and 133 moderately susceptible cultivars were selected.The 15 moderately resistant cultivars,together with two germplasms containing multiple resistance genes and four wheat-Lophopyrum translocation lines were further identified by single spike inoculation method and screened with markers relative to Fhb1,Fhb2,Fhb4,Fhb5 and Fhb7,120 moderately susceptible cultivars were also screened with these markers.The result showed that 10 wheat cultivars(lines)were moderately resistant to FHB and 10 cultivars(lines)were moderately susceptible to FHB.Among the 135 moderately resistant and moderately susceptible cultivars identified by artificial soil surface inoculation method,11 cultivars contained Fhb1,while no cultivar containing Fhb2,Fhb4,Fhb5 or Fhb7 was detected.The two germplasms containing multiple resistance genes Fhb1,Fhb2,Fhb4 and Fhb1,Fhb2,Fhb5,respectively.The four wheat-Lophopyrum translocation lines containe Fhb7,while two of them containe Fhb1.The results provide germplasm information for breeding wheat variety with resistance to Fhb in the south of Huang-huai wheat zone.