发酵菜籽粕对生长猪营养物质 消化率、生长性能及血清参数的影响

Effects of fermented rapeseed meal on nutrient digestibility,growth performance and serum parameters of growing pigs

本试验研究了黑曲霉发酵的菜籽对生长猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响.试验选择了240头平均体重为(40.8±2.1)kg的生长猪,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复20头猪,对照组饲喂玉米豆粕型日粮,菜粕和发酵菜粕组分别用10% 的菜粕和发酵菜粕替代豆粕,试验共开展42 d.结果表明:发酵菜粕组平均日增重和料重比显著优于菜粕组(P<0.05),但与对照无显著性差异(P>0.05).对照组干物质、蛋白质、钙和磷表观消化率显著高于菜粕组(P<0.05),但与发酵菜粕组无显著差异(P>0.05).与菜粕组相比,发酵菜粕组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),血清磷水平显著提高(P<0.05).但在22~42 d时,发酵菜粕较菜粕组尿素氮含量显著减低(P<0.05).综上所述,本试验结果表明,菜粕通过黑曲霉发酵后降低了中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和植酸磷水平,但提高了粗蛋白质和小肽含量,有效改善了营养品质.发酵菜粕较菜粕显著提高了猪的生长性能和营养物质消化率.

The effects of rapeseed fermented by aspergillus Niger on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs were studied.240 growing pigs with an average body weight of(40.8±2.1)kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 4 replicates in each group and 20 pigs in each repeat.The control group was fed a diet of corn and soybean meal,and 10%of rapeseed meal and fermented rapeseed meal were used to replace soybean meal in treatment groups and the experiment was carried out for a total of 42 days.The results showed that the average daily weight gain and the ratio of feed to weight in the fermented rapeseed meal group were significantly better than those in the rapeseed meal group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference with the control group(P>0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter,protein,calcium and phosphorus in the control group was significantly higher than that in the rapeseed meal group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference with that in the fermented rapeseed meal group(P>0.05).Compared with the rapeseed group,the serum aspartate transaminase activity in the fermented rapeseed group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the serum phosphorus level was significantly increased(P<0.05).However,at 22-42 d,the content of urea nitrogen in fermented rapeseed meal significantly decreased compared with that in the rapeseed meal group(P<0.05).In summary,the results of this experiment showed that the neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and phytate were reduced after the fermentation of rapeseed meal by aspergillus Niger,but the contents of crude protein and small peptide were increased,and the nutritional quality was effectively improved.Compared with rapeseed meal,fermented rapeseed meal significantly improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs.