不同材料因素影响骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖及成骨分化

Different material factors affect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

背景:在利用组织工程技术治疗骨缺损或骨损伤的过程中,生物材料对移植的骨髓间充质干细存活率与增殖分化潜能有影响。目的:对生物材料如何影响骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖及成骨分化的研究进展进行综述,指导材料合理应用。方法:应用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed、Web of science及万方数据库,检索词为"骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨分化、生物材料、微观形貌、Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells、Osteogenic differentiation、Biological materials、The microstructure",根据标准纳入不同生物材料因素影响骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨分化的文献。结果与结论:①金属材料具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性、机械性能,非金属材料具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性、再吸收性及三维塑形性;②材料的表面微观形貌因素众多,即使是同一种材料,表面能/润湿性越高越利于骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖与成骨分化,表面粗糙程度相对越高越利于细胞的增殖、黏附及分化,孔径直径越大、孔径率越小越利于细胞的成骨分化,底物刚度相对高及弹性模量相对大有利于骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化,以上材料的各种因素等都能够影响骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖及成骨作用,这些新的研究进展进一步提高了骨髓间充质干细胞种植于各类生物材料用于临床治疗的应用。

BACKGROUND: In the treatment of bone defect or bone injury by tissue engineering, biomaterials affect the survival rate, proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress regarding how biomaterials affect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to guide the rational application of biomaterials. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, and Wanfang database with the search terms "Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, Osteogenic differentiation, Biological materials, The microstructure". The eligible literatures regarding the effects of different biomaterials on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Metallic materials have the advantages of good biocompatibility, bone conductivity, and mechanical performance. Non-metallic materials exhibit good biocompatibility, bone conductivity, reabsorption, and three-dimensional shaping.(2) There are many factors that affect the surface microstructure of the biomaterial. As for the same biomaterial, greater surface energy/wettability leads to better proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;greater roughness better promotes the proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;larger pore diameter and lower pore diameter rate are more prone to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;greater substrate rigidity and elastic modulus better facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The abovementioned factors of the biomaterials affect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These findings help promote the application of biomaterials seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the clinic.