汉晋地理博物小说的言说方式与奇异之美

The Way of Discourse and the Beauty of Strangeness in Geography Novels of Han And Jin Dynasties

汉晋之际,博学之风兴盛,地理博物体小说大量出现。此类小说形态特殊,小说作者的撰述目的是为了传播博物知识,重在解释现实生活或典籍中的事物,由此作品中常常出现“证实”之语。然而,博物知识又是当时人认识外部世界的产物,满足读者对域外世界的神往之情也是博物体小说的创作旨意。面对陌生的地理、人事物,小说叙述者往往会因异而称奇,因惊诧而夸张,并以想象进行虚饰,因此,汉晋地理博物小说呈现出“以奇为美”的审美倾向。此外,方技数术也属于博物学的范畴,并且,此一时期的小说作者大多具有方士的身份,这些都给博物小说增添了神秘色彩。

During the Han and Jin Dynasties,the wind of erudition flourished,and a large number of geographic and natural science novels appeared.This kind of novels had a special form.One of the authors’purposes was to disseminate knowledge and explain the extraordinary things in real life or ancient books.So they often used“confirmative words”in their works.However,another purpose of the authors was to satisfy readers’desire to know the infinite space world,because“museum knowledge”was the product of people’s understanding of the external world.In the Face of unfamiliar geographical environment,people and things,the narrators were often amazed by surprise,exaggerated by strangeness,and falsely decorated by imagination.Therefore,the geographical and natural science novels of Han and Jin Dynasties presented an aesthetic tendency of“regarding odd as beauty”.In addition,Fang Shu(the arts of necromancy,astrology,etc.)also belonged to the category of natural science,and most of the novelists in this period also had the identity of Fang Shu Jia,which added mystery to the natural science novels.