高端装备制造品出口复杂度及其影响因素研究--基于新兴经济体与发达经济体的比较分析

A Comparative Study of High-tech Equipment Manufacturing Products’ Export Sophistication and Its Determinants--Based on An Comparative Analysis of Emerging and Developed Economies

本文对新兴经济体和发达经济体高端装备制造品出口复杂度及其影响因素进行比较研究。从出口复杂度现状来看,当前发达经济体高端装备制造品出口复杂度较高,新兴经济体与其存在差距;不同行业的竞争态势存在差别,智能制造装备行业差距最大,其他行业差距较小。出口复杂度影响因素分析结果表明,发达经济体高端装备制造品出口复杂度主要受人均资本、贸易开放度和政府治理效力的正向推动,而新兴经济体受自然资源租金、科技研发和贸易开放度变量的正向影响更显著,行业间的差别使得相关影响因素的差异作用更明显。中国及主要新兴经济体应借鉴发达经济体的先进经验,从重点产业发展、基础要素投入、科研投入与人力资本协调、开放合作关系巩固等方面着手,提升产业竞争优势。

This paper focuses on the comparative study on high–tech equipment manufacturing prodcuts’ export sophistication and its determinants. The international competition situation shows that the developed economies’ high-tech equipment manufacturing products keep the high export sophistication, the emerging economics lag behind the developed economies. The competition situation is different among the different industries, the gap between the two economics of intelligent manufacturing equipment manufacture is the greatest. The empirical analysis results show that capital per worker, trade openness and government effectiveness promote the developed economies’ high-tech equipment manufacturing products’ export sophistication while natural resources rent, R&D and trade openness show the positive influence to the emerging economics’. The factors show different influence on account of the intensity factor of industries. China and the major emerging economies should envisage the difference and causes, learn from developed economies to enhance the competitive advantage of high-tech equipment manufacture by developing the key industries, inputting the basic resources, expanding the R&D according to the level of human capital and consolidating the partnership.