老年食管癌患者术后并发肺部感染的原因分析及护理干预

Causes and Nursing Intervention of Pulmonary Infection after Operation in Elderly Patients with Carcinoma of Esophago

目的分析老年食管癌患者术后并发肺部感染的原因,探讨预防感染护理相关的措施,以降低老年患者术后肺部感染率。方法选取我院2015年1月~2018年12月老年食管癌术后并发肺部感染41例患者,调查发生感染的原因、特点、方式及病原菌。结果肺部感染的主要因素为高龄、长期吸烟、基础疾病、肺功能障碍、营养不良、术后疼痛。41例肺部感染患者痰培养结果中有37例培养出病原菌,共培养出病原菌106株,以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,占73.6%,其次革兰氏阳性菌占21.7%,真菌占4.7%。主要感染病原菌为鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌。结论针对老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染的相关因素,通过术前术后全面综合的护理干预措施,以降低老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染的发生率。

Objective To analyze the causes of postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with carcino?ma of esophago,and to explore the nursing measures to prevent infection,so as to reduce the rate of postopera?tive pulmonary infection in elderly patients.Methods A total of 41 elderly patients with pulmonary infection after carcinoma of esophago surgery in hospitals from January 2015 to December 2018 were investigated for the causes,characteristics,methods and pathogens of the infection.Results The main factors of pulmonary infection were advanced age,long-term smoking,basic diseases,pulmonary dysfunction,malnutrition and postoperative pain.From 41 cases of lung infection,37 cases of pathogens were cultured,and 106 pathogens were cultivated,mainly Gram-negative bacilli,accounting for 73.6%,followed by Gram-positive bacteria 21.7%,fungi account?ed for 4.7%.The main pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Pseudomonas aeru?ginosa.Conclusion According to the related factors of postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with carcinoma of esophago,comprehensive nursing intervention before and after operation can reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with carcinoma of esophago.