黑水虻幼虫蛋白水解物的制备及营养价值评价

Preparation and Nutritional Value Evaluation of Protein Hydrolysate from Black Soldier Fly(Hermetia illucens L.)Larvae

采用碱提酸沉法提取黑水虻幼虫脱脂虫粉中的粗蛋白,采用醇洗法进一步纯化得到精制蛋白,再经过碱性蛋白酶水解和超滤,分别得到<3 kDa、3~10 kDa、>10 kDa等3个组分,通过测定各组分中氨基酸组成进行营养价值评价。结果表明,碱提酸沉法和醇洗法可进一步提高脱脂虫粉蛋白含量,最高可达到(82.91±0.18)%;黑水虻幼虫蛋白水解物及其3种超滤组分的必需氨基酸比值(EAAI)在1.12~1.32之间,其中<3 kDa组分的EAAI最高(1.32),其蛋白质品质最高,其第一限制性氨基酸为苏氨酸,可作为开发昆虫蛋白产品的理想原料。

We extracted crude protein from black soldier fly(BSF,Hermetia illucens L.)larvae defatted insect powder by an alkali extraction-acid precipitation method,and prepared refined protein powder by an alcohol elution method.Moreover,we obtained three kinds of ultrafiltration fractions of<3 kDa,3-10 kDa,and>10 kDa by alkaline protease hydrolysis and ultrafiltration.Furthermore,we evaluated their nutritional value by determination of the amino acid composition.The results show that the purity of defatted insect powder protein can be further improved by the alkali extraction-acid precipitation method and alcohol elution method,which is up to(82.91±0.18)%.The EAAI value of BSF larvae protein hydrolysates and three kinds of ultrafiltration fractions are in the range of 1.12-1.32,in which the<3 kDa component has the highest EAAI value(1.32)and the best protein quality.The first limiting amino acid of the<3 kDa component is threonine.Therefore,BSF larvae can be used as an ideal raw material for the development of insect protein products.