功能化氧化石墨烯吸附材料的研究进展

Research progress of functionalized graphene oxide adsorption materials

为推进氧化石墨烯材料在水处理领域的应用,综述了近几年功能化氧化石墨烯吸附材料的研究成果。首先介绍了氧化石墨烯的制备方法与结构特征,然后将功能化氧化石墨烯吸附材料分成共价键改性材料和非共价键复合材料。针对氧化石墨烯上不同官能团的化学修饰,将共价键改性材料划分成5类:羰基功能化、羧基功能化、羟基功能化、环氧基功能化和碳碳双键功能化。根据复合材料结构形态的不同,将非共价键复合材料划分成3类:氧化石墨烯基凝胶、氧化石墨烯基分离膜、氧化石墨烯基磁性吸附剂。最后讨论了功能化氧化石墨烯吸附材料在水处理中存在的问题,指出共价键和非共价键的联合功能化处理有望成为氧化石墨烯吸附材料的发展方向。

In order to promote the application of graphene oxide materials in the field of water treatment,research results in functionalized graphene oxide adsorption materials in recent years were reviewed.The paper introduced the preparation methods and structural characteristics of graphene oxide,and the functionalized graphene oxide adsorption material was divided into modified covalent bond materials and non-covalent bond composite materials.According to the chemical modification of different functional groups on graphene oxide,covalent bond modification materials were further divided into five categories:carbonyl functionalization,carboxyl functionalization,hydroxyl functionalization,epoxy functionalization,and carbon-carbon double bond functionalization.Based on the different structural shapes of composite materials,non-covalent bond composite materials were grouped into three categories:graphene oxide-based gels,graphene oxide-based separation membranes and graphene oxide-based magnetic adsorbents.Fundamental problems in functionalized graphene oxide adsorption materials were discussed,and it was pointed out that the combined functional treatment of covalent bonds and non-covalent bonds is expected to become the development direction of graphene oxide adsorption.