不同品种粳稻的锌强化方法研究

Study on the method of zinc augmentation in different cultivars of japonica rice

通过比较不同锌肥施用方式对不同粳稻品种产量以及稻米锌含量的影响,筛选高效锌水稻品种和最佳锌施用方式。在田间试验条件下,分析9个粳稻品种的稻米产量和锌含量对S(锌肥土施)、SB(锌肥土施结合孕穗期喷施)、SF(锌肥土施结合扬花期喷施)和SBF(锌肥土施结合孕穗期和扬花期喷施)4种锌肥施用方式的响应,结果表明,各水稻品种稻米的锌含量在18.1~29.3 mg·kg^-1之间,吉洋1号、吉农大809、吉粳302、吉宏6号、长粳717和稻花香2号为高锌品种,吉农大899为中锌品种,平粳8号和吉粳515为低锌品种。锌肥土施对大多数水稻品种无显著增产作用,不同品种的稻米锌含量在施用锌肥后平均增幅为18.0%;S、SB、SF和SBF处理的稻米锌含量分别较不施锌处理提高了8.3%、17.4%、19.5%和27.0%,但3个喷施处理间的平均锌含量无显著差异。锌肥土施结合叶面喷施能显著提高稻米中的锌含量,不同施用方式的施锌效果因品种而异。选择富锌高产品种,锌肥土施结合适当生育期叶面喷施,可实现增产和稻米锌强化,实现水稻高产优质种植。

In this experiment,the effects of different zinc fertilizer application methods on the yield of different japonica rice cultivars and zinc content in rice were compared to select high-efficiency zinc rice cultivars and optimal zinc application methods.Under the field experiment condition,the response of rice yield and grain zinc content of 9 japonica rice cultivars were analyzed for S(zinc fertilizer soil application),SB(zinc fertilizer soil application combined with foliar spraying at booting stage),SF(zinc fertilizer soil application combined with foliar spraying at flowering stage)and SBF(zinc fertilizer soil application combined with foliar spraying at both booting stage and flowering stage).The zinc content of grain in each rice cultivar ranged from 18.1 to 29.3 mg·kg^-1.Jiyang No.1,Ji Nongda 809,Jijing 302,Jihong No.6,Changjing 717 and Daohuaxiang No.2 were high-zinc cultivars.Ji Nongda 899 was a medium-zinc cultivar,Pingjing 8 and Jijing 515 were low-zinc cultivars.Zinc fertilizer application had no significant effect on increasing yield of most rice cultivars.The zinc content of different cultivars of rice increased averagely by 18.0%after application of zinc fertilizer;the zinc contents of rice for S,SB,SF and SBF increased by 8.3%,17.4%,19.5%and 27.0%respectively.However,there was no significant difference in the average zinc content among the three spraying treatments.The application of zinc fertilizer soil application combined with foliar application could significantly increase the zinc content in rice,and the zinc application effect and the choice of application method vary from cultivars to cultivars.The high-yield and zinc augmentation can be achieved by selecting zinc-rich and high-yield cultivars to apply zinc fertilizer at the appropriate growth stages.