社会性别视角下阐释我国女子体育运动的发展

The Development ofWomen’s Sports in China and Its Interpretation of Social Gender

文中分别从促进、制约两个方面与政策、社会、文化、经济、生态发展的五个维度解读我国女子体育的发展及其社会性别。社会性别是与生理性别相对应的,其强调的是人在社会化过程中逐渐形成的不同角色、行为、心理、认识和情绪等具有社会属性的特征。研究认为:男女平等基本国策的保障、女子体育与社会之间的协同发展、传统文化中女子体育文化的觉醒、市场经济对女子体育发展的促进、女子体育的生态发展等社会性别因素促进其发展;政策法规实施过程中的艰难性、妇女参与体育承受多重社会压力、落后文化对女子体育发展的阻滞、市场经济发展中的社会性别隔离现象、女子体育后备人才发展的失衡等社会性别因素制约其健康发展。

This study interprets the development and gender of women’s sports in China from two aspects of promotion and restriction and five dimensions of policy,society,culture,economy and ecological development.The research holds that:the guarantee of the basic national policy of equality between men and women,the coordinated development of women’s sports and society,the awakening of women’s sports culture in the traditional culture,the promotion of the market economy to the development of women’s sports the ecological development of women’s sports and other social gender factors promote women’s development,while the social gender factors such as the difficulties in the implementation of the policies and regulations,the multi social pressure on women’s participation in sports,the hindrance of backward culture to the development of women’s sports,the gender segregation in the development of the market economy,and the imbalance in the ecological development of women’s sports reserve talents,restrict the healthy development.