职业转换视角下我国退役运动员社会适应能力现状研究

A Study on the Present Situation of Social Adaptability of Retired Athletes in China from the Perspective of Career Transformation

提高社会适应能力对改善退役运动员职业转换现状有着积极的促进作用。随着我国经济体制的改革与发展,我国在计划经济时期实行的关于运动员激励、保障的政策与制度已经无法适应当前的社会发展趋势,造成了退役运动员在职业转换过程中出现了诸多困难。通过问卷调查的方式对退役运动员社会适应能力现状进行调查研究,结果表明退役运动员社会适应能力总体上表现一般,受到性别、运动项目、运动等级、学历等因素的影响,其社会适应能力下属的五个维度表现各有差异,其中职业关键能力表现最好,自我管理能力与沟通交往能力最差。基于此,文章从国家、社会和个人三个层面提出相应的建议,以期为提高退役运动员的社会适应能力提供一定的理论参考。

Improving social adaptability plays a positive role in improving the current situation of career transformation of retired athletes.The present situation of retired athletes undefined social adaptability is investigated and studied by questionnaire.The results show that the social adaptability of retired athletes is generally general,affected by gender,sports,sports grade,educational background and other factors,and the five dimensions of their social adaptability are different,among which the key professional ability is the best,and the self-management ability and communication ability are the worst.Based on this paper,the corresponding suggestions are put forward from the national,social and individual levels,in order to provide a certain theoretical reference for improving the social adaptability of retired athletes.