论亚里士多德的德性伦理思想

On Aristotle’s Ethical Thought of Virtue

德性是亚里士多德伦理学的核心概念,其内涵包括本义、类型、目的、评判标准四方面的内容。亚里士多德认为,伦理德性由习惯养成,智慧德性由教导生成,二者缺一不可、循环互动;德性的终极目的是幸福,财富是实现幸福的物质条件;“中道”是过度与不及的居间者,体现了相对性和绝对性的有机统一,是德性的评判准则。

Virtue is the core concept of Aristotle’s ethics,and its connotation includes four aspects:meanings,types,purposes and criteria.According to Aristotle,ethic morality is cultivated by the habit,and the wisdom virtue is formed by teaching.The two are indispensable,interacting each other like a cycle;the ultimate aim of virtues is happiness,and wealth is the material condition for happiness.The“Mean”is the intermediary of excessive and inferiority,which embodies the organic unity of relativity and absoluteness,and is the criterion of virtues.The study of Aristotle’s ethical thinking is of great significance to reflect on the lack of modern ethical care and the diversity of moral values.It also has some enlightenment to promote the moral construction of the contemporary China.