滚动轴承试验台动载荷加载装置

Device for Loading Dynamic Load of Rolling Bearing Test Bench

旋转机械系统存在于各个领域,如航空发动机、燃气轮机、水轮机、风力发电机等,这些旋转机械都可以抽象为转子系统。转子系统主要由旋转部件和支承部件组成,就支承部件而言,包括滚动轴承、滑动轴承、磁浮轴承和气浮轴承等。由于滚动轴承具有摩擦阻力小、功率损耗少、启动力矩小、旋转精度高、润滑和拆装简便等特点[1-2],其在旋转机械中获得了大量的应用。如在矿山机械设备中,就应用了大量滚动轴承。虽然滚动轴承在各种机械系统中获得了广泛的应用,但是由于其复杂的摩擦、润滑、接触、碰撞等非线性特性,使得轴承成为机械故障多发的部件。统计研究表明,滚动轴承引起的故障大概占旋转机械故障的30%左右[3]。因此由于滚动轴承的损坏而发生的事故很多。例如,风力发电机的旋转部件由大量轴承组成,轴承的运行状态直接关系到风力发电机的平稳运行,尤其是行星架轴承,由于风速时变,因此行星架轴承承受了大量的变载荷的冲击,因此对于行星架轴承的动态加载信号的分析和检测非常必要。

Rotating machinery systems exist in various fields, such as aviation engines, gas turbines, water turbines, wind turbines, etc. These rotating machinery can be abstracted as rotor systems. The rotor system is mainly composed of rotating components and supporting components. As far as the supporting components are concerned, including rolling bearings, sliding bearings, magnetic bearings and air bearings. Because rolling bearings have the characteristics of small friction resistance, low power loss, small starting torque, high rotation accuracy, easy lubrication and disassembly, etc.[1-2], They have been widely used in rotating machinery. For example, in the equipment of mining machinery, a large number of rolling bearings have been applied. Although rolling bearings have been widely used in various mechanical systems, due to their complex non-linear characteristics such as friction, lubrication, contact,and collision, bearings have become parts with frequent mechanical failures. Statistical research shows that the failure caused by rolling bearings accounts for about 30% of the failure of rotating machinery[3]. Therefore, many accidents occur due to the damage of rolling bearings. For example, the rotating parts of a wind turbine are composed of a large number of bearings. The running state of the bearing is directly related to the smooth operation of the wind turbine, especially the planet carrier bearings. Since the wind speed is time-varying, the planet carrier bearings bear a lot of variable load impact, so it is necessary to analyze and detect the dynamic loading signal of the planet carrier bearing.