优化配方施肥技术对常宁烤烟质量的影响

Effects of Optimal Formula Fertilization on the Quality of Changning Flue-Cured Tobacco

为探索适合衡阳常宁烤烟生产的施肥新模式,研究各肥料配方对烤烟生长及品质的影响,通过有机肥料、有机-无机复混肥料和无机肥料配合施用进行小区试验,结果表明:烟株农艺性状以云叶颗粒状专用基肥表现最好,烟叶成熟落黄、生物量积累量、抗性均以配比优化较好,且处理间差异较小;烟叶产量质量等经济效益以云叶颗粒状专用基肥和专用配方追肥较好;肥料配方优化和肥料型态调整更有利于烟叶品质提高,但烟叶总糖含量、糖碱比偏高。

In order to explore a new fertilizer application model suitable for Changning tobacco production,and to study the effects of various fertilizer formulations on the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco,the plot experiment was carried out by the combined use of organic fertilizer,organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer.The results showed that Yunye granule special base fertilizer was the best in the agronomic characteristics of tobacco plant;compared with the CK Jinye brand of powder special base fertilizer,the maturing appearance,biomass accumulation and resistance of tobacco was optimized by the special formula fertilization,and the difference between 4 treatments was small;the economic benefits such as yield and quality of tobacco leaf were better with special formula topdressing according to soil test and with Yunye granule special base fertilizer;the optimization of fertilizer formula based on soil test and the adjustment of fertilizer type were more beneficial to the improvement of tobacco quality,but the total sugar content and sugar alkali ratio of tobacco tended to be higher.