新冠肺炎疫情防控对湖南省农业农村经济影响的调研与思考

Investigation and Thinking on the Impact of Prevention and Control of COVID-19 on the Agriculture and Rural Economy in Hunan Province

为科学评估新冠肺炎疫情防控对湖南省农业农村经济的影响,有针对性地提出应对措施,降低疫情带来的损失,分别对全省14个县(市、区)38个村开展了线上调查,了解新冠肺炎疫情对全省农业农村经济的影响。按受影响的程度分析,从生产环节来看,流通端>生产端>消费端,随着时间的推移和各道路卡口的取消,生产端的影响将会大于流通端;从经营主体来看,农业企业>专业合作社>种养大户(家庭农场)>普通农户;从农业产业来看,养殖业>休闲农业>种植业。基于以上判断,提出完善粮食和生猪生产服务体系,确保"米袋子""肉盘子"安全;强化农产品供给链建设,构建本区域和跨区域销售网络;完善产地冷藏保鲜仓储设施建设,延长农产品保鲜期和供应期;健全农业应急管理体系,提升疫情灾害应对能力;优化服务、环境和产品,增强休闲农业发展内生动力等对策建议。

In order to evaluate the impact of the prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)on the agriculture and rural economy of Hunan Province scientifically and propose corresponding measures to reduce the losses caused by the COVID-19,an online investigation for 38 villages at 14 counties or cities or districts in Hunan Province was conducted.The results showed that the effect of COVID-19 on the stage of agricultural production was in the order:circulation>production>consumption,as time went on and the road closure was cancelled,that on the production would be larger than that on the circulation;the effect of COVID-19 on the agricultural business from high to low was agricultural enterprise>specialized cooperatives>large family farm(family farm)>ordinary farmers and that on the agricultural industry from high to low was breeding industry>leisure agriculture>planting industry.Based on the above judgment,the author proposed the following countermeasures and suggestions.The service system of grain and pig production should be improved to ensure the security of“rice bag”and“meat supply”;the agricultural product supply chain should be strengthened;both the regional and cross-regional sales network should be constructed;the refrigerated storage facilities in the origin of agricultural place should be built up to extend the refreshing time and supply period of agricultural products;the agricultural emergency management system should be improved to increase the ability to respond to epidemics and disasters;the service,environment and product should be optimized to enhance the internal driving force for the development of the leisure agriculture.