阳新县银山矿区土壤重金属污染特征与健康风险评价

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Yinshan Mining District in Yangxin County

为研究典型铅锌矿区土壤重金属的污染状况,分别采集108个农田土壤和48个不同深度建设用地的土壤样品,进行重金属测定分析。农用地所有监测点位土壤重金属含量出现不同程度超标,主要超筛选值污染物为Cd,As,Pb,Zn和Cu;其中Cd和As污染面积最大,基本覆盖整个研究地区。建设用地土壤中超筛选值污染物为Cd,As和Pb;随土壤深度增加,3种重金属含量呈下降趋势;3种污染物在垂直方向的最大污染深度可达11 m。对于农用地土壤,元素As在经口摄入途径对成人存在可接受致癌风险、对儿童存在不可接受的致癌风险;在呼吸摄入和皮肤接触途径对儿童存在可接受致癌风险。Cd在经口摄入途径中对成人和儿童存在可接受致癌风险,在皮肤接触途径对儿童存在可接受致癌风险。对于建设用地的土壤,As元素在经口摄入途径对成人存在可接受的致癌风险、对儿童存在不可接受的致癌风险;在呼吸摄入和皮肤接触途径对儿童存在可接受致癌风险。Cd元素在经口摄入途径对成人存在可接受的致癌风险,在经口摄入和皮肤接触途径对儿童存在不可接受的致癌风险。

To study the pollution status of heavy metals in soil from the typical lead-zinc mining areas,108 soil samples in farmlands and 48 soil samples in construction lands at different depths were collected for the determination and analysis of heavy metals.The concentrations of heavy metals at all sites in farmlands exceeded the standards in different degree.The main pollutants were the element Cd,As,Pb,Zn and Cu.Moreover,the polluted area for Cd and As were the largest,basically covering the whole study area.The main pollutants in the construction lands were the elements Cd,As and Pb.These pollutants showed the decreased trends with the increase of soil depths,and the maximum depth of contamination in the vertical direction can be reached 11 m.For Agricultural Soils,As has an acceptable risk of carcinogenesis in adults and unacceptable risk of carcinogenesis in children through oral route,and an acceptable risk of carcinogenesis in children through inhalation and dermal route.Cd has an acceptable risk of carcinogenesis in adults and children through oral route of exposure,and an acceptable risk of carcinogenesis in children through skin exposure route.For the soil of construction land,As element has acceptable risk to adults and unacceptable risk to children through oral intake route There is an acceptable risk of cancer in children through inhalation and skin exposure.There is an acceptable risk of carcinogenesis in adults through oral intake and in children through skin contact.