苦豆子生物碱抗烟曲霉、须癣毛癣菌和新生隐球菌的作用研究

Study on the antifungal effect of Aspergillus fumigatus,Trichophyton mentogrophtes and Cryptococcus neoformans to alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides

目的对比研究苦豆子总碱、槐果碱、苦参碱、槐定碱、氧化苦参碱体外抗烟曲霉、须癣毛癣菌和新生隐球菌的敏感性,为苦豆子进一步开发利用奠定基础。方法分别用管碟扩散法和微量液基稀释法,测定苦豆子总碱、槐果碱、苦参碱、槐定碱、氧化苦参碱对烟曲霉、须癣毛癣菌和新生隐球菌的抗菌活性。结果管碟法显示上述5种生物碱体外对烟曲霉、须癣毛癣菌和新生隐球菌均有不同程度的抗菌活性。前4种生物碱对烟曲霉的最低杀菌浓度(MFC)分别为25.0、4.25、5.0、3.125 mg·mL^-1,氧化苦参碱对烟曲霉MFC>500 mg·mL^-1;对须癣毛癣菌的MFC分别为3.125、2.125、5.0、1.5625、125 mg·mL^-1;对新生隐球菌的MFC分别为3.125、4.25、10、6.25、1000 mg·mL^-1。结论槐果碱、苦参碱及槐定碱其抗真菌活性与苦豆子总碱相当,氧化苦参碱的作用不显著。

Objective To compare the susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus,Trichophyton mentogrophtes and Cryptococcus neoformans cultured with Sophora alopecuroides total alkaloids,sophocarpine,matrine,sophoridine and oxymatrine.The results will lay a good foundation for further development and utilization of alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides.Methods Antifungal activity of five kinds of alkaloids against Aspergillus fumigatus,Trichophyton mentogrophtes and Cryptococcus neoformans were detected with both standard broth microdilution method and cylinder-plate assay.Results Sophora alopecuroides total alkaloids,sophocarpine,matrine,sophoridine and oxymatrine were active against Aspergillus fumigatus,Trichophyton mentogrophtes,Cryptococcus neoformans by cylinder-plate method.The MFCs of Sophora alopecuroides total alkaloids,sophocarpine,matrine and sophoridine for Aspergillus fumigatus reached 25.0,4.25,5.0,3.125 mg·mL^-1 respectively.The MFC of oxymatrine for Aspergillus fumigatus was over 500mg·mL^-1.The MFCs of the five types of alkaloids for Trichophyton mentogrophtes were 3.125,2.125,5.0,1.5625,125 mg·mL^-1;the MFCs of Cryptococcus neoformans were 3.125,4.25,10,6.25,1000mg·mL^-1 respectively.Conclusion Sophora alopecuroides total alkaloids,sophocarpine,matrine and sophoridine showed good antifungal activities.But the inhibitory effects of oxymatrine against Aspergillus fumigatus,Trichophyton mentogrophtes and Cryptococcus neoformans were less than that of the other alkaloids.