作者的意图与文本的生成——以马君武对密尔《论自由》的翻译为个案的讨论

The Intention of an Author and the Formation of a Text:Ma Junwu's Translation of On Liberty

1859年,英国思想家约翰·密尔出版了《论自由》一书。此书出版后获得了极大的成功,得到了广泛的传播。1903年,在距离欧洲遥远的中国也出版了《论自由》的中文版,由著名思想家和教育家马君武翻译出版。那么,当密尔的"论自由"在翻译成为中文,即在跨文化的迁变过程中,不同文化空间所形成的思想表达是否能够为另外一种文化空间人们所理解?本文即以马君武对密尔《论自由》的翻译为个案展开考察,试图揭示,在中国,马君武在对文本翻译过程中,由于翻译者的主观意图的原因,带来了很多"误读"。而正是这种"误读"创造出了一个新的文本。

In 1859,John Mill published his On Liberty which won great successes and was widely spread all over the world.In 1903,the Chinese edition of On Liberty was published in distant China.Ma Junwu,the well-known Chinese thinker and educator,did the translation.In the cross-cultural transition from an Eng-lish text to a Chinese one,was it possible for people in a different context to understand the original ideas?This paper investigates the Ma Junwu translation in detail and demonstrates that Ma produced many“mis--readings”due to his personal intention,which created an entirely new text.