干式厌氧发酵反应器的中试研究

Pilot Study on Dry Anaerobic Fermentation Reactor

采用一种新型卧式推流干式厌氧发酵系统用于猪粪、秸秆和污泥处理中试研究。试验阶段干式厌氧发酵系统表现出较好的稳定性,运行效果良好。新型卧式推流干式厌氧反应器能够有效解决传热和传质差的问题。当进料含水率为80%、回流比为50%时,出料含水率为84%~88%,有机质含量为60%~70%,酸碱比基本维持在0. 1~0. 3。干式厌氧发酵系统的最佳有机负荷为4. 8 kg/(m^3·d),有机物降解率为40%~50%,容积产气率可达2~3 m^3/(m^3·d)。猪粪与秸秆协同厌氧发酵的效果好于猪粪、秸秆单一物料,因为猪粪与秸秆混合可以将进料的C/N值控制在厌氧发酵的最佳范围(20~30)。猪粪和秸秆混合发酵系统中,C/N值的提高使得氨氮浓度呈下降趋势,这在一定程度上避免了系统出现氨抑制的情况。

A new horizontal push-flow dry anaerobic fermentation system was applied in a pilot study on pig manure,straw and sludge treatment.During the experimental period,the system showed good stability and good operational performance.The new horizontal push-flow dry anaerobic reactor could effectively solve the problem of poor heat and mass transfer.When water content of the feed was 80%and the reflux ratio was 50%,water content of the discharge was 84%-88%,the organic matter content was 60%-70%,and the acid-base ratio was basically maintained at 0.1-0.3.The optimal organic load of the dry anaerobic fermentation system was 4.8 kg/(m3·d).At this point,the degradation rate of organic matter was about 40%-50%,and the volumetric gas production rate could reach 2-3 m3/(m3·d).The effect of synergistic anaerobic fermentation of pig manure and straw was better than that of individual pig manure or straw.The reason was that the C/N ratio of the feed could be controlled to the optimal range of anaerobic fermentation(20-30)when pig manure and straw were mixed.In the mixed fermentation system feeding pig manure and straw,the increase of C/N ratio led to the decline of ammonia nitrogen concentration,which avoided ammonia inhibition in the system to some extent.