生物催化滤池处理高氨氮水源水

Treatment of High Ammonia Nitrogen Source Water by Biological Catalytic Filter

针对生物滤池处理高氨氮水源水过程中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐积累的问题,提出一种能够同时去除"三氮"污染物的强化过滤技术——生物催化滤池。该技术将传统生物过滤与催化还原反应相结合,在生物过滤去除氨氮的同时,钯/锡双金属催化滤料可将硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮还原为氮气。在滤池的滤速为10 m/h时,对氨氮和TOC的去除率分别为82. 12%和71. 94%,主要依靠生物滤层内微生物的降解作用来去除;对硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率分别为58. 22%和78. 65%,主要通过催化还原滤料的化学反应来去除;滤池出水浊度<3 NTU。生物催化滤池在生化反应和催化还原的共同作用下能够有效缓冲低温、高氨氮、高硝酸盐氮、高亚硝酸盐氮以及高TOC等特殊条件下短时间连续冲击,具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,保证产水水质稳定。生物催化滤池可以作为微污染水源水的预处理工艺,保障后续工艺的稳定运行,具有良好的应用前景。

Due to the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in conventional biological filter when treating high ammonia nitrogen source water,a biological catalytic filter was proposed,which was an enhanced filtration technology capable of simultaneously removing three types of nitrogen pollutants.This technology combined traditional biofiltration with catalytic reduction reaction,in which simultaneous ammonia nitrogen removal and reduction of nitrate and nitrite into nitrogen were achieved by biofiltration and palladium/tin bimetallic catalytic filter material,respectively.When filtration rate was 10 m/h,the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and TOC could reach 82.12%and 71.94%respectively,which were mainly removed in the biological filter.The removal rates of nitrate and nitrite could reach 58.22%and 78.65%,respectively,which were mainly removed by chemical reaction of the catalytic reduction filter material.The turbidity of filter effluent could be less than 3 NTU.Under the combined action of biochemical reaction and catalytic reduction,biological catalytic filter could effectively withstand short-term continuous shock of low temperature,high ammonia nitrogen,high nitrate,high nitrite and high TOC.It had strong shock load resistance ability and guaranteed the stability of water quality.The biological catalytic filter can be used as a pretreatment process for micro-polluted source water to ensure the stable operation of the follow-up process,and has good practical application prospects.