基于扫描电镜的5182铝合金罐盖失效分析

Analysis of aluminum alloy can cover failure by scanning electron microscope

5182铝合金罐盖在制罐、运输过程中,常出现冲压失效、爆罐等问题。需要快速对失效罐盖进行分析,及时找出失效原因。采用扫描电镜与能谱仪可以快速地对失效位置的形貌及成分进行分析。根据二次电子与背散射电子成像特点,快速找到失效原因。失效类型主要有:非金属夹杂或金属夹杂引起的冲压失效,粗大富铁相引起的冲压失效,其他因素引起的冲压失效,应力腐蚀引起的爆罐,刻线异常引起的爆罐等。描述了不同失效类型的形貌特点与产生原因,为罐盖材料的快速失效分析提供参考,并为改进生产工艺降低失效比例提出建议。

Stamping failure and explosion of domestic 5182 aluminum alloy cans often occur in the process of forming and transporting.It is necessary to analyze and find out the cause rapidly.Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to analyze the morphology and composition of the failure location.According to the characteristics of secondary electron and backscatter electron imaging,the failure causes was quickly found?The failure causes were divided into several types,punching failure caused by nonmetallic inclusions or metallic inclusions,punching failure caused by coarse iron-rich phase,punching failure caused by other factors,stress corrosion-induced explosion and scratch abnormality-induced explosion.The morphological characteristics and causes of different failure types were described?It provided a reference for rapid failure analysis of canned cover materials,and put forward suggestions for improving production technology and reducing failure ratio.