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我国民航旅客黑名单的三元体系及其救济途径 被引量:5

Ternary System of Civil Aviation Passenger Blacklist and Its Relief Approaches
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摘要 实践中,我国民航旅客黑名单形成了三元体系,其制定发布者既可能是国家有关机关即中国民用航空局,也可能是行业协会即中国航空运输协会,还可能是航空运输企业即航空公司。中国航空运输协会和中国民用航空局设立旅客黑名单是具体行政行为,属于行政处罚的行为罚和申诫罚,构成行政法律关系,可以提起行政复议或行政诉讼;航空公司设立旅客黑名单属于企业自主行为,构成民事法律关系,只能寻求民商事救济,但其合法性与合理性存疑。我国应通过民航旅客黑名单法律制度创新,赋予中国航空运输协会制定权、中国民用航空局监督权、航空公司动议权和执行权,赋予旅客行政复议和行政诉讼权。 In practice, China ’s civil aviation passenger blacklist has formed a ternary system, and its formulation and issue may be either the relevant state organs, namely the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the industry associations such as the China Air Transport Association, or the air transport enterprises, such as airlines. The establishment of a passenger blacklist by the AVIC and the Civil Aviation Administration is a specific administrative act. It belongs to the administrative punishment and the admonition punishment. It constitutes an administrative legal relationship and can be filed for administrative review or administrative Litigation: The establishment of passenger blacklists by airlines is an autonomous behavior of enterprises and constitutes a civil legal relationship. Civil and commercial relief can only be sought, but its legitimacy and rationality are in doubt. China should innovate the legal system of civil aviation passenger blacklists, give the CAAC the right to develop, the civil aviation bureau to supervise, the airlines to move and execute, and give passengers the right to administrative review and administrative litigation.
作者 高志宏 Gao Zhihong
出处 《法学杂志》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第4期32-41,共10页 Law Science Magazine
基金 江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目“公共利益的法律文本解读与司法考量研究”(项目编号:2018SJZDI038)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词 黑名单 民航安全 旅客不文明行为 行政处罚 法律救济 blacklist civil aviation safety uncivilized behavior of passengers administrative punishment legal relief
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