响水水库浮游生物渔业资源分析

Analysis of plankton community and fishery resources in Xiangshui Reservoir

为了调查内蒙古赤峰市响水水库浮游生物群落结构及水库的渔业资源状况,于2018年5、7、9月3个季节对该水库的浮游生物渔业资源进行了调查。结果表明:共鉴定出浮游植物8门82个种属,种类最多的是绿藻门和硅藻门,其次是蓝藻门,其他门类较少,浮游植物平均密度为1480.34×10^4 ind./L,生物量平均为7.48 mg/L;共鉴定出4大类浮游动物33种属,其中轮虫、原生动物种类较多,枝角类与桡足类较少,浮游动物平均密度为1700.05 ind./L,生物量平均为0.76 mg/L;Margalef丰富度指数浮游植物平均为1.22,浮游动物平均为2.38,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数浮游植物平均为2.32,浮游动物平均为2.01,Pielou均匀度指数浮游植物平均为0.441,浮游动物平均为0.462;由浮游生物等提供的鱼产力约为139.4 kg/hm2。研究表明,响水水库已处于中-富营养型水体,且富营养化程度有加剧趋势,饵料资源上还有一定的利用空间,建议可适当增加滤食性鲢鳙鱼的放养比例,以控制水体的进一步富营养化。

Plankton community and fishery resources were surveyed in three sampling sites in Xiangshui Reservoir in Chifeng,Nei Mongol Autonomous Region,from May to September 2018 in order to investigate the community structure of plankton and the status of fishery resources in Xiangshui Reservoir.A total of 82 genera of phytoplankton,in 8 phyla,were found,with dominant species in Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta,followed by members in Cyanophyta,and less in other phyla.There were average phytoplankton density of 1480.34×104 ind./L,and average biomass of 7.48 mg/L.There were 33 genera or species of zooplankton in 4 categories including more rotifers and protozoa,less Cladocera and Copepoda,with average density of 1700.05 ind./L,and the average biomass of 0.76 mg/L.The average abundance index of Margalef was found to be 1.22 for phytoplankton and 2.38 for zooplankton,with Shannon Wiener index of 2.32 for phytoplankton and 2.01 for zooplankton.The Pielou index was 0.441 for phytoplankton and 0.462 for zooplankton.The fish productivity provided by plankton was estimated to be about 139.4 kg/hm2.The findings indicated that Xiangshui Reservoir was within the mid-eutrophic,even increasing eutrophication.So it is suggested to increase the stocking proportion of filtering feeders silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis to control the further eutrophication in the water body.