多元与发展:相对贫困的内涵及治理

Pluralism and Development:the Connotation and Governance of Relative Poverty

绝对贫困的治理是生存性议题,相对贫困的治理是多元与发展性议题。由短缺社会到丰裕社会,经济社会的发展不断推动贫困认识的“再发现”,带来贫困理论范式、贫困治理实践的革新。由绝对贫困到相对贫困,贫困内涵不断拓展,能力与权利、制度与文化等要素逐步纳入相对贫困治理的范畴。当代中国的相对贫困主要表现为区域性贫困、城市贫困、农村边缘贫困。相对贫困的有效治理必须建立相对贫困动态识别体系,坚持阶段性与渐进性结合、普惠性与差异性结合、参与性与包容性结合的治理原则,统筹建立相对贫困综合治理体系。

The governance of absolute poverty is a subsistence issue,while the governance of relative poverty is a pluralistic and developmental issue.From the society of shortage to the society of abundance,the development of economy and society continuously promotes the"rediscovery"of poverty cognition,bringing the innovation of poverty theory paradigm and poverty governance practice.From absolute poverty to relative poverty,the connotation of poverty continues to expand,ability,right,system,culture and other elements are gradually brought into the scope of relative poverty governance.The relative poverty in contemporary China is mainly manifested as regional poverty,urban poverty and rural marginal poverty.Effective governance of relative poverty requires:a dynamic identification system,the principle of the phased implementation,the principle of universality and difference,the principle of participation and inclusiveness,and the establishment of a comprehensive governance system for relative poverty.