波浪滑翔机水下牵引机结构设计与分析

Structural design and analysis of underwater tractor for wave glider

为满足对远洋环境进行长时间、大范围监测的实际需求,设计提出一种波浪动力滑翔机,该设备是一种无需携带能源即可实现自主航行的新型海洋监测平台,其主体结构由水面母船、水下牵引机和柔性缆绳三大部分组成。平台通过即时获取海洋中的波浪能、太阳能、风能作为行走的动力源,克服了传统海洋监测设备在能源供应上存在的短板。为进一步提升水下牵引机对波浪能的利用率,采用Ansys软件中的Fluent模块对水下牵引机进行水动力仿真研究,分析了侧翼板形状、侧翼板工作最大摆动角度以及侧翼板安装分布间距对滑翔机总体行走效率的影响。结果表明:NACA翼型侧翼板具有更好的水动力性能;随着最大摆动角度的增加,水下牵引机的推进效率先增大后减小,最大摆角在20°左右时,推进效果最佳;随着侧翼板分布间距的增大,水下牵引机的推进效率逐渐减小,分布间距在80 mm左右时,推进效果最佳。

In order to meet the practical requirements of long-term and large-scale monitoring of the ocean environment,a wave powered glider a new type of ocean monitoring platform is designed,to realize autonomous navigation without carrying energy.Its main structure consists of three parts:surface mother ship,underwater tractor and flexible cable.The platform overcomes the shortcoming of the traditional ocean monitoring equipment in energy supply by acquiring the ocean wave energy,solar energy and wind energy as the power sources for walking.In order to further improve the utilization rate of wave energy of the underwater tractor,fluent module in Ansys software is used to conduct hydrodynamic simulation research on the underwater tractor,and the influence of the shape of the wing plate,the maximum swing angle of the wing plate and the maximum distribution distance of the wing plate installation on the overall walking efficiency of the glider is analyzed.The results show that NACA airfoil has better hydrodynamic performance;with the increase of maximum swing angle,the propulsive efficiency increases after the first underwater tractor is reduced,and to promote maximum pendulum angle effect at about 20°is the best;the propulsive efficiency of the underwater tractor decreases with the increase of the spacing of the wings,and the best propulsive effect is achieved when the spacing is about 80 mm.