味觉异常的病因和治疗研究进展

Research process on parageusia etiology and treatment

味觉异常是一种以味觉异常变化为特征的疾病,易导致患者出现食欲不振、体重减轻、营养不良,严重时甚至影响其身心健康,使其生活质量降低。味觉异常的病因、发病机制尚不明确,可能的致病因素较繁杂,目前尚无公认有效的检查方法和治疗方式。该类患者大多选择先于口腔科就诊。本文总结了现有研究下的味觉异常的定义、分类、病因、检查方法、治疗方式、预后,以及常见的伴发于其他疾病的味觉异常,为口腔临床医生对于该类患者的诊疗提供备选方案。

Parageusia is a disease characterized by abnormal taste changes and implicated in the loss of appetite,unintended weight loss,and malnutrition.Parageusia can even affect the physical and mental health and reduce the quality of life of the patient.Currently,the etiology and pathogenesis of parageusia are still ambiguous.The possible pathogenic factors are complicated.To the best of our knowledge,no recognized effective examination method and treatment is available.Dentists are often the first clinicians to be visited by patients with taste changes.This paper summarizes the definition,classification,etiology,pathogenesis,therapy,and prognosis of parageusia and the common parageusia associated with different systemic diseases to provide management options for dental clinicians.