遂昌牛头山两种麂属动物的生态位分化

Niche Differentiation of Two Muntiacus Species in Niutou Mountain of Suichang County

2018年1月至2019年1月,在遂昌牛头山林场内布设57台Ltlacorn红外相机,对同域物种小麂与黑麂的生态位分化策略进行研究。结果显示,小麂的有效探测次数显著高于黑麂,小麂的DNI指数为0.82,黑麂的DNI指数为0.96,均属于昼行性。两者日活动节律差异显著,小麂的日活动高峰在6:00-8:00和18:00-20:00,黑麂的日活动高峰在8:00-10:00和16:00-18:00,0:00-24:00均监测到小麂活动,在18:00-4:00时间段未监测到黑麂活动。两者季节活动频率差异不显著,小麂与黑麂的季节活动频率大小依次为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季。四季均监测到小麂活动,冬季未监测到黑麂活动。两者不同温度区间活动频率差异不显著,二者的温度活动频次分布均呈偏峰分布,且活动高峰均在22.5℃左右。两者不同海拔区间活动频率差异显著,黑麂活动频率在800~1000 m海拔区间高于小麂,在1000~1400 m的海拔区间低于小麂。两者不同植被类型下的活动频率差异显著,小麂活动频率高峰在常绿阔叶林,黑麂活动频率高峰在针叶林。

To master the niche differentiation strategy between Muntiacus reevesi and Muntiacus crinifrons,we installed fifty-seven Ltiacorn infrared-triggered camera-traps in Suichang Niutou mountain,Zhejiang Province,China,between January 2018 and January 2019,to monitor theirs activity rhythm and vegetation choice.Experimental results show that effective detection frequency of M.reevesi was significantly higher than that of M.crinifrons,the DNI index of M.reevesi and M.reevesi were 0.82 and 0.96,respectively.They are all diurnal.The daily peak activity of M.reeves is 6:00—08:00 and 18:00—20:00,and M.crinifrons is 8:00—10:00 and 16:00—18:00,but there was not significant.The seasonal activity frequency of M.reevesi and M.crinifrons is summer,spring,autumn and winter in turn.The activity of M.reevesi was detected in all seasons,while M.crinifrons was not detected in winter.Their temperature selection does not exist significant difference,and the temperature activity frequency distribution of both of them showed partial peak distribution,and the activity peak was around 22.5℃.The activity frequency of M.crinifrons was higher in the altitude range of 800-1000 m than that of the small muntjac,and lower in the altitude range of 1000-1400 m than that of M.reevesi,there was not significant difference in altitude range selection.There was significant difference in vegetation type selection.M.reeves prefers to inhabit in laurilignosa,and M.crinifrons prefers to inhabit in aciculiailvae.