乳腺微钙化病灶活检的结果分析及其对护理宣教的意义

Breast Microcalcification Biopsy:The Result Analysis and Discussion on Its Implications for Nursing Care

文章旨在分析乳腺微钙化病灶活检查出的乳腺癌病例的特征,探讨结果对护理宣教的指导意义。将84例乳腺微钙化灶患者分为乳腺癌组(观察组)及非乳腺癌组(对照组Ⅰ),计算乳腺癌所占的比例,比较两组的>48岁患者数、绝经人数的比例,比较两组中细分枝样、线状区段分布的钙化的病例比例,再比较观察组与对照组Ⅱ中三阴性乳腺癌患者的比例。结果显示:乳腺微钙化病灶检出乳腺癌的比例为19%。观察组与对照组Ⅰ中>48岁的患者的比例,绝经人数的比例,细分枝样、线状区段分布的钙化的病例比例,以及观察组与对照组Ⅱ中三阴性乳腺癌患者的比例,各组间差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。在护理宣教中可告知患者乳腺微钙化灶活检查出乳腺癌的比例并不高,且此种类型的乳腺癌病例年龄多在48岁以下、非绝经期、非三阴性;推荐48岁以下的、钙化灶呈细分枝样及线状区段性分布的病例作活检可提高乳腺癌阳性检出率,对48岁以上或绝经期的患者可建议随诊复查。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of microcalcification cases in breast cancer and discuss the its value in nursing guide.84 cases of breast disease patients who were found microcalcification in the breast were collected in the study.They were divided into breast cancer group(observation group)and non-breast cancer group(control group I).The proportion of breast cancer was calculated while the proportions of patients>48 years old,of menopause,of line like branching segmental calcification in both groups was compared.Then,the observation group and the control group II were compared for the proportion of triple negative breast cancer cases.Among patients of microcalcification,19%cases were pathologically diagnosed as breast cancer.The proportions of patients>48 years old,of menopause,of line like branching segmental calcification in the observation group and the control group I were significantly difference,P<0.05.Meanwhile,the proportion of triple negative breast cancer cases in the observation group and the control group II were also significantly difference,P<0.05.In nursing guide,it should be clarified that the proportion of breast cancer in breast microcalcification patients was small and the characteristics of those cases were under 48 years old,non-menopause and non-triple negative breast cancer.Those cases younger than 48 years old or of line like branching segmental calcification were suggested for biopsy and the detected breast cancer rate will be higher.For cases over 48 years old or menopause,treatment with regular follow-up is recommended for nursing care.