日本大学国际化的战略目标探析

The Strategic Goal of the Internationalization of Japan's Universities

日本是最早将国际化作为施政方针的国家,20世纪80年代开始大力推进大学国际化。进入21世纪,大学国际化成为日本的一项国家战略。日本的大学国际化,是其作为一个非西方发达国家和经济大国,为追求世界学术中心地位而作出的政策抉择;是在第三次教育改革中,推进高等教育现代化的关键环节;是在知识经济兴起和全球化深入的背景下,提升国家综合实力和文化软实力的重要策略。20世纪80年代以来的大学国际化,与明治初期和战后初期那两次大规模的教育国际交流有质的区别。大力推进大学国际化,是高等教育顺应社会经济发展需要的结果,也体现了日本善于利用教育之工具价值的特点。

Japan is the first country to take internationalization as the goal of its policy.In the 1980s,Japan began to vigorously promote the internationalization of universities.In the 21st century,the internationalization of university has further become part of Japan's national strategy.The internationalization of Japan's universities is a policy option made by Japan as a non-Western developed country and a large economy in pursuit of a global educational and academic center.It is regarded as a key link to promote the modernization of higher education in the third education reform,as well as an important strategy to enhance the comprehensive strength and cultural soft power of a country in the context of the rising knowledge economy and the deepening globalization.The internationalization of Japan's universities since the 1980s is substantially different from the former two large-scale international exchanges of education in the early Meiji period and in the early postwar period.To promote the internationalization of Japan's universities is the result of higher education conforming to the needs of social and economic development and also reflects the characteristics of Japan's way of making best use of the instrumental value of higher education.