印度对国际核不扩散机制的政策现状及前景

India’s Policy on and Prospect of the International Nuclear Non-proliferation Regime

1998年5月11日和13日,印度相继进行了5次核试验并公开宣布成为核武器国家。印度核试验对国际核不扩散机制构成了严重冲击,也遭到国际社会的一致谴责。至今,印度仍被国际核不扩散机制排除在外,尽管已是事实上的核武器国家,但并未获得法理上的承认,从而对印度谋求“有声有色的大国”地位形成掣肘。为此,印度积极调整对国际核不扩散机制的政策,缓和与该机制的关系,并且寻求融入机制,以期助力其大国地位追求。但在此过程中,印度的战略自主传统与国际机制的规则之间出现了结构性的矛盾,使其政策目标充满了极大的不确定性。

On May 11 and 13,1998,India conducted five nuclear tests and declared itself as a nuclear weapon state.The nuclear tests had serious impact on the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and were unanimously condemned by the international community.So far,India has been excluded from the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.Although it is a de facto nuclear-weapon state,it has not obtained legal recognition,which constrains on India’s pursuit of status of worldwide power proper.To this end,India actively adjusts its policies on the international nuclear non-proliferation regime,eases its relationship with the regime,and seeks to integrate it to help its pursuit of status as a major power.However,in the process,there has been a structural contradiction between India’s strategic autonomy and international regime,and its policy objectives are full of great uncertainty.