产业重构与城市复兴——美国矿冶名城匹兹堡的转型之路探析

Industrial Restructuring and Urban Renaissance--Studies on Transformation of Famous Mining and Metallurgical City of Pittsburgh in America

美国矿冶名城匹兹堡历经三次产业重构和城市复兴运动,实现了从“钢都”“烟城”到“绿色”“创新”之城的转变。政府“智囊团”与公私合作关系、坚实的产业基础、高校的“芯片”作用是匹兹堡产业重构与城市复兴的根本驱动力。产业重构与城市复兴道路具有曲折性,没有固定模式,必须立足且不限于现有产业基础,对传统产业进行转型升级和科技创新,并推进与其他关联产业和科研机构的融合互动,才能形成纵向和横向的彼此密不可分的高新技术产业集群。

After Pittsburgh,a famous mining and metallurgical city in America,has experienced three times of industrial restructuring and movements of urban renaissance,it successfully transformed from a"steel and smoke city"to a"green and innovative"one.Government think tanks,public-private partnership,solid industrial foundation,and universities playing as"chip"are the fundamental driving forces of Pittsburgh's industrial restructuring and urban renaissance.The path of industrial restructuring and urban renaissance is tortuous and has no fixed pattern,therefore the transformation should be based on but not limited to the existing industrial foundation,transformation and upgrade of traditional industries,technological innovation,and integration and interaction with relevant industries and scientific research institutions.In this way,high-tech industrial clusters that is vertically and horizontally connected could be formed.