冰片药理作用及冰片酯的研究进展

Research progress on pharmacological effects of borneol and borneol ester

冰片在中国作为佐使药使用已经有数千年历史。现代药理研究表明冰片具有保护中枢神经系统、改善学习记忆功能、促透、抑菌和抗炎等作用。但冰片挥发性强、对胃黏膜有刺激性和有生殖毒性等缺点限制了其应用。因此当今许多研究运用前药原理把冰片与天然活性分子或成药合成冰片酯,发现其能降低冰片的毒性并增强其本身的作用。同时冰片酯展现出一些新用途,如保护心血管、治疗阿尔兹海默症、抑制肿瘤细胞等。对于冰片酯的更多用途仍需进一步的研究。

Borneol has been used as adjuvant medicine in China for thousands of years.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that borneol can protect the central nervous system,improve the function of learning and memory,promote permeability,inhibit bacteria and fight inflammation.However,the application of borneol is limited by its high volatility,irritability to gastric mucosa and reproductive toxicity.Therefore,many current studies have used the prodrug principle to synthesize borneol ester with natural active molecules or proprietary drugs,and found that borneol ester is lower toxicity and more effective than that of borneol.At the same time borneol ester exerted other new functions,such as cardiovascular protection,treatment of Alzheimer′s disease,tumor cell inhibition and so on.Further studies are needed to develop borneol ester for clinic usage.