儿童多发性抽动症的环境心理因素分析

Analysis of environmental psychological factors in children with multiple tics

目的探讨儿童发生多发性抽动症的环境及心理因素,为临床干预提供有效依据。方法选取2017年6月-2018年6月70例多发性抽动症儿童及其父母140人作为研究对象,另抽取70名正常儿童及其父母140人作为对照组。比较两组儿童、父母的艾森克个性问卷评分、家庭环境量表评分,分析发生多发性抽动症的危险因素。结果观察组儿童精神质(P)、神经质(N)评分高于对照组,内外向(E)评分低于对照组(P <0. 05)。观察组儿童父母N评分高于对照组,E评分低于对照组(P <0. 05)。观察组儿童家庭环境量表中矛盾性、控制性得分高于对照组,独立性、娱乐性、组织性得分低于对照组(P <0. 05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,有分娩产伤、家庭对儿童管教方法严厉、家庭氛围不和睦、有家族抽动症病史为发生多发性抽动症的独立危险因素(P <0. 05)。结论多发性抽动症儿童及其父母多伴有孤独、焦虑、急躁等情绪,较内向,自信心不足。有分娩产伤、家庭对儿童管教方法严厉、家庭氛围不和睦、有家族抽动症病史为发生多发性抽动症的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore the environmental and psychological factors of children with multiple tics,provide effective basis for clinical intervention. Methods From June 2017 to June 2018,70 children with multiple tics and their parents( 140 cases) were selected as the study subjects,and 70 normal children and their parents( 140 cases) who came to the hospital and informed consent to the study were selected as the control group. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Family Environment Scale were compared between the two groups,and the risk factors of multiple tics were analyzed. Results The psychoticism( P) and neurotic( N) scores of children in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the extraversion( E) scores were lower than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). The N scores of the parents in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the E scores were lower than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). The scores of contradiction and control in the children’s family environment scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the scores of independence,entertainment and organization were lower than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that childbirth injury,strict family discipline for children,disharmony in family atmosphere and family history of tic disorder were independent risk factors for the occurrence of tic disorder( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Children with multiple tics and their parents have different degrees of loneliness,anxiety,impatience,introversion and lack of self-confidence;childbirth injuries,strict family discipline for children,family atmosphere disharmony,family history of tourette syndrome are independent risk factors.