佳木斯市2013-2018年细菌性痢疾发病情况分析

Analysis on incidence of bacterial dysentery in Jiamusi from 2013 to 2018

目的了解佳木斯市细菌性痢疾发病特征,为制定防控措施提供参考。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取相关信息,使用Excel 2010及SPSS 20. 0软件对数据进行整理分析,计数资料组间(率)比较利用χ2检验。结果2013-2018年佳木斯市细菌性痢疾年均发病率为10. 88/10万,向阳区发病率比富锦市等其他县区高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 305. 36,P <0. 01),0岁组发病率比其他年龄组发病率高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=35 627. 53,P <0. 01),散居儿童发病构成比高于学生等其他职业人群,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4976. 50,P <0. 01),2017年发病率高于其他年份,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=36. 99,P <0. 01),5-10月份发病人数比其他月份高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=390. 48,P <0. 01),男女性别比为1. 13:1。结论中心城区、儿童分别是细菌性痢疾防控的重点区域和人群。保持生活环境整洁,落实"三管一灭"各项措施,加强健康宣传,培养良好卫生习惯是防控细菌性痢疾的关键。

Objective To understand the characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Jiamusi,provide reference for prevention and control measures. Methods The data was collected and analyzed by using Excel 2010 and SPSS 20. 0 software. The data was compared among groups( rate) by using Chi-square test. Results The annual incidence of bacillary dysentery was10. 88/100 000 in Jiamusi from 2013 to 2018,and the incidence in Xiangyang district was higher than that in Fujin and other counties,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 1305. 36,P < 0. 01). The incidence of 0-year-old group was higher than that of other age groups,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 35 627. 53,P < 0. 01). The incidence of scattered children was higher than that of students and other professionals group,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 4976. 50,P < 0. 01),the incidence in 2017 was higher than that in other years,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 36. 99,P < 0. 01). The number of patients from May to October was higher than that in other months,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 390. 48,P < 0. 01),and the gender ratio of men to women was 1. 13: 1. Conclusion The central urban area and children are the key areas and populations of bacillary dysentery control respectively.The key to prevent and control bacillary dysentery is to keep the living environment clean,implement the measures of"three management and one extermination",strengthen health propaganda and cultivate good health habits.