哈尔滨市居民2015-2017年胃癌流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of gastric cancer among residents in Harbin from 2015 to 2017

目的分析哈尔滨市居民2015-2017年胃癌资料,了解胃癌流行现状,为胃癌发病危险因素提供线索,并为制订胃癌防治策略提供参考。方法以2015-2017年哈尔滨市常住户籍居民为研究对象和以胃癌登记报告资料为依据,应用描述流行病学的方法,对全市居民胃癌发病、死亡数据进行分析,掌握全市胃癌的流行现状。结果2015-2017年哈尔滨市居民胃癌平均粗发病率为15. 96/10万,中标率为10. 56/10万,男性胃癌发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=816. 84,P <0. 01);全市居民胃癌粗死亡率为12. 96/10万,中标率为8. 67/10万,男性胃癌死亡率高于女性胃癌死亡率,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=638. 01,P <0. 01),其中40岁以上年龄组胃癌粗发病率为31. 20/10万,粗死亡率为25. 60/10万。城市居民胃癌发病率高于农村居民胃癌发病率,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=543. 38,P <0. 01),同时胃癌死亡率城市也高于农村,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=52. 61,P <0. 01)。结论胃癌是威胁哈尔滨市居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一,疾病负担严重,城市、中老年人及男性人群是胃癌防治工作的重点。

Objective To analyze the data of gastric cancer among the residents in Harbin from 2015 to 2017,understand the prevalence of gastric cancer,provide clues for the risk factors of gastric cancer and provide reference for the development of gastric cancer prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of incidence and death of gastric cancer among the residents in Harbin were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method,and the prevalence and death of gastric cancer in Harbin was analyzed to master the epidemic characteristics. Results The average crude incidence of gastric cancer among residents in Harbin was 15. 96/100 000,and the age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population( ASR China) was 10. 56/100 000 from 2015 to 2017. The incidence of gastric cancer in men was higher than that in women,with the statistically significant difference( χ~2= 816. 84,P < 0. 01);the crude mortality of gastric cancer in Harbin residents was12. 96/100 000,with age-standardized rate of 8. 67/100 000,and the mortality of gastric cancer in men was higher than that in women,with statistically significant difference( χ~2= 638. 01,P < 0. 01),among them,the crude incidence of gastric cancer in the age group over 40 years old was 31. 20/100 000,and the crude mortality was 25. 60/100 000. The incidence of gastric cancer in urban residents was higher than that in rural residents,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 543. 38,P <0. 01),and the mortality of gastric cancer in urban residents was higher than that in rural residents,the difference was statistically significant( χ~2= 52. 61,P < 0. 01). Conclusion Gastric cancer is one of the main malignant tumors that threaten the health in Harbin with the heavy burden of disease for the residents. The urban,middle-aged and elderly and male population are the key points of gastric cancer prevention and treatment.