齐齐哈尔市2004-2017年布鲁氏菌病流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Qiqihar from 2004 to 2017

目的了解齐齐哈尔市人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行特征,为制定布病防治策略提供科学依据。方法查阅传染病报告信息管理系统布病网报信息资料,利用SPSS25. 0进行统计分析。结果 2005年、2011年、2012年和2013年齐齐哈尔市布病年发病率超过历年该病的散发水平,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。全市春夏季总平均发病率(23. 8859/10万)明显高于秋冬季总平均发病率(8. 1970/10万)。梅里斯区平均年发病率最高,(194. 2832/10万)是全市年平均发病率(32. 0827/10万)的6. 06倍。35~45岁年龄段累积发病人数占累积总发病人数的41. 70%。男性布病平均年发病率(47. 6359/10万)是女性布病平均年发病率(15. 6544/10万)的3. 04倍。2004-2017年,全市布病发病人数中农民发病数最多,为22 981人,占总发病人数的92. 36%。结论齐齐哈尔市布病防治取得一定成效,但仍然存在困难,建议加强各部门密切合作,壮大专业技术队伍。

Objective To know the epidemic status of brucellosis in Qiqihar,provide evidence for prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods The direct reported data were collected from the"Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System"and the data were analyzed by SPSS 25. 0. Results The annual incidence of brucellosis in 2005,2011,2013 were all significantly higher than the sporadic level over the years of Qiqihar( P < 0. 01). The total average incidence in spring and summer( 23. 8859/100 000) was significantly higher than that in autumn and winter( 8. 1970/100 000) in Qiqihar. The average annual incidence rate in Meilisi District was the highest( 194. 2832/100 000),which was 6. 06 times that of the city( 32. 0827/100 000). The cumulative number of cases aged 35-45 accounted for 41. 70% of the total cumulative number of cases. The average incidence of brucellosis in males( 47. 6359/100 000) was 3. 04 times higher than that in females( 15. 6544/100 000). From 2004 to 2017,the number of cases was the highest among farmers,with 22 981 cases,accounting for 92. 36% of the total number of cases in Qiqihar. Conclusion The prevention and control of brucellosis in Qiqihar has achieved some success,but there are still serious difficulties. It is suggested that all departments should strengthen closed cooperation,increase investment in prevention and control funds,and strengthen the professional and technical team and other comprehensive prevention and control measures.